Jan 26, 2006 3:56 pm US/Eastern
(1010 WINS) (ALBANY) The disparity between rich and poor is growing in America with New York state leading the way, a new study released Thursday found.
The report by the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities and the Economic Policy Institute found the incomes of the poorest 20 percent of families nationally grew by an average of $2,660. Meanwhile, the incomes of the richest fifth of families grew by $45,100, the study by the Washington-based groups said.
The figures are based on comparing the average growth from 1980-82 to 2001-03, after adjusting for inflation.
Trudi Renwick, an economist with the union-backed Fiscal Policy Institute in New York, said wages at the bottom and middle of the scale have grown only minimally over the last two decades while the wages of the best compensated employees have grown significantly. She said globalization, the decline of manufacturing jobs, the expansion of low-wage service jobs, immigration, and the weakening of unions have hurt those on the lower end of the economic scale.
``When income growth is concentrated at the top of the income scale, the people at the bottom have a much harder time lifting themselves out of poverty and giving their children a decent start in life,'' said Jared Bernstein, senior economist for the Economic Policy Institute and co-author of the report.
The poorest fifth of families, the report said, had an average income of $16,780 from 2000-03, while the top fifth of families had an average income of $122,150 _ more than seven times as much.
In New York, the top 20 percent of wage earners had average incomes 8.1 times larger than the poorest 20 percent in the early 2000s. That's up from 5.6 times as much from the early 1980s. New York's growth in income inequality was the second largest in the nation.
The average income of the richest 20 percent of New Yorkers increased by $51,205 to $130,431 a year, while the average income of the poorest fifth of families increased by just $1,901 to $16,076 a year.
``The better off you were to start with, the more your standard of living has improved,'' said Ronald Ehrenberg, a professor of industrial and labor relations at Cornell University. ``There has been no growth in the purchasing power for those at the bottom.''
The income growth of the richest New Yorkers also far outpaced the growth of those in the middle fifth of the scale with the top earners making 2.7 times as much as the middle 20 percent of families, up from a ratio of 2.1 to 1 in the early 1980s.
New York is not alone.
In 38 states, the incomes of high-income families grew faster than the incomes of the lowest-income families. Texas, with a ratio of 8.08 to 1, had the second greatest income disparity between the top and bottom fifths. Tennessee, with a ratio of 7.72 to 1, was third. Wyoming had the smallest disparity: 5.16 to 1.
``At the bottom of the scale, adjusted for inflation, wages are the same now as they were in 1990,'' Renwick said of the New York figures. ``At the top, wages, bonuses and capital gains have all been skyrocketing.''
``We see that without government intervention, it is going to become more unequal,'' she said. ``The government needs to continue its commitment to correcting the natural outcomes of the marketplace'' by raising the minimum wage with inflation and by tax policies like the earned income tax credit.
Renwick also suggested the state government, when giving tax breaks to companies, insist those companies provide jobs that pay higher wages.
``Our economic development strategies have not been focused on high-road growth,'' she said.
Matthew Maguire, a spokesman for the Business Council of New York state, said the amounts earned by the state's wealthiest residents is ``something that everybody who cares about New York should be pleased about.''
``New York's wealthy pay huge sums in taxes and those wealthy people and their taxes make it possible for New York to provide the nation's most generous social service programs to less fortunate New Yorkers,'' he said. ``It also reflects the fact the state is a magnet for immigrants who come from the four corners of the globe to a state they see as symbol of economic activity.''