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Quantum cryptography protocol doesn’t require shared reference frames (Update).

Quantum cryptography, which enables two parties to communicate with each other with unconditional security, has begun to be implemented by some governments, banks, and other corporations with high-security requirements. However, certain applications of quantum cryptography, such as satellite links, have proved to be challenging, partly due to a key requirement of quantum key distribution: that the two parties must have a shared reference frame.


Two scenarios that could use a quantum key distribution protocol that is reference-frame-independent are (left) earth-to-satellite quantum communication and chip-to-chip quantum communication. Image credit: Laing, et al.

-- Tom